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    Adherence of diabetic patients to their respective Management Protocol at Ribat University Hospital in Khartoum – Sudan 2021
    (Napata College, 2021) Rudaina Ismail Osman; Rewa Ezzaldein; Nusaiba Bashir Osman
    Background: Despite diabetes being a well-known disease, many patients have diabetes-related complications, forexample: DSF, cataracts, macro – and micro vascular complications, etc.This research tries to understand diabetes from a patients’ view-points, on whether they consider themselves adherent to not just medications, but to their overall treatment regimen and if they are aware of their treatment being much more than just medications to be taken, but an overall package of medication and life-style changing, and how well they are willing to change in their lives to decreases morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes. Objectives: To determine the level of adherence of diabetic patients to their respective treatment protocol at Ribat University Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan 2021. Materials and Methods:Cross sectional facility based study with total number of sample size 101, random systemic sampling was used to select the participants for this research, and the data was analyzed using SPSS v.26. Results:The overall adherence rate in this study was 63%. Females were found to be statistically significant with adherence level (P value 0.043). Married individuals also had a better adherence rate (P value 0.043), there was a very statistically significant correlation between higher educational levels and adherence rate, as higher educational levels college education and above had a p value of 0.001. Individuals with higher socio-economic statuses were also better adherent, middle and higher classes had higher adherence rates. Middle classes had a p value of 0.039, and wealthier classes had a p value 0.049 respectively. Older age was also statistically significant in regards to adherence rates (p value 0.049). No significant correlation was found in regards to better adherence and co-morbidities. Conclusion: Among the studied variables female gender, married couples, middle and higher socio-economic statuses, and college education level and above were found to be statistically significant with better adherence rates. Older age groups older than 66 years old were found to have astatistically significant to a highly significant correlation. The study recommended FMoH to develop unified evidence based management protocols with conduction of awareness raising campaign about the importance of patient’s adherence to these protocols.
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    Anxiety and depression among mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disability in Khartoum, 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Tebian Elfadil Dirar Fadol; Samia Abd Almajeed Ahmed Mohammed; Samah Abdo Mahir Badr
    Intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) are disorders that are usually present at birth and that negatively affect the trajectory of the individual's physical, intellectual, and/or emotional development. .IDD" is the term often used to describe situations in which intellectual disability and other disabilities are present. In this study, The age group of mothers >15 years reported in (0%) of women , between 15-25 years (16%) , between 25-35 years (44%) and above 35 years (48%) , University level of education reported in (32%) , school in (34%) , educate (32%) and non reported in (10%) , Residence from rural areas reported in (42%) of people and from town (58%) , The age group of children >1 years reported in (19%) of children , between 1 - 5 years (33%) , between 5 - 10 years (31%) and above 10 years (17%) , children diagnosed during pregnancy reported in (16%) of children , neonate (33%) , infant (21%) , preschool (18%) and at school age (10%) , Children with cerebral palsy reported in (23%) , syndrome (53%) and with special needs (24%) , The level of disability reported in mild (39%) , modrate (24%) and in sever (37%) , The follow up of mothers during the pregnancy show (87%) with follow up and (13%) without follow up , 97% was counseled and 21% was not , The figure show 21% of children admitted to main stream , 60% to special centers and 19% stay at home , On academic achievement the ability to understand is poor in (37%) , good in (40%) and excellent in (23%) , On behavior of a children (25%) are calm and (75%) are with difficult contact with others , 32% of children with family history of disability and 68% without family history of disability , The effect of child illness on child life style is about 83% of children and the other 17% are normal or without effect , About marital status (73%) married and relative relation , (7%) divorced and (20%) window , The effect of illness on marital status is present in 56% of them , The social acceptance of child disability is poor in (43%) of children , good in (30%) and excellent in (27%) , anxiety symptoms that appears in mothers of children with illnesses is about (67%) , depression symptoms that appears in mothers of children with illnesses is about (33%) , financial status that is low in (61%) , modrate in(29%) and high in (10%) , 27% of affected mothers is on chronic medications and 73% are not on chronic medication and 86% of them doing physiotherapy and 14% not . Mental health providers need to be aware of these issues, so appropriate mental health screening can be utilized among the care givers of children with IDD. It is important that these mothers receive adequate support in order to manage their mental health so that they can better provide for their child's needs.
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    Assessment of Depression among Medical Students in NAPATA College due to COVID-19 pandemic٫2021.
    (Napata College, 2021) Alaa bannaga alataya ahmed; Enas jaffer yousif; Shahad motwkel ahmed; Sohila khider ahmed
    Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has created a mental health crisis among medical students in Sudan due to lockdown restrictions, overwhelming numbers of COVID-19 cases, financial difficulty, etc. This mental health crisis may led to high degrees of depression among medical students. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate incidence of Depression due to COVID 19 pandemic among Medical Students in NAPATA College 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional institutional-based study was conducted at NAPTA College-Sudan during period September 2020 to September 2021 by using Forms questionnaire. The questionnaire Form included a sociodemographic questionnaire and psychometric Depression scales evaluating the psychological Depression impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, both qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed in the study. Results: A total of One hundred seventy four medical students participated in this study, of whom 66%were females and 36 were males. After assessment of the psychometric Depression scales, it was found that More than half medical students carried in this study were found to have depression due to COVID 19 pandemic with different scales ranging from mild depression 38% of the study participants to sever 5% according to beck test. Among the identified risk factors, having a family member who was infected with COVID-19 was significantly associated with depression, with P values0.04. Conclusions: This research concludes that there is high incidence depression symptoms rate of COVID-19 among medical students
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    Assessment of knowledge of Basic Life Support among Napata Students 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Fatima Daffalla Alhade Omer; Tayba Fathelrahman Mohamed El-Tayeb; Maarib Abdelmoneim Ali Elamas
    Background: One of the most common causes of death worldwide is sudden cardiac arrest. Basic life support (BLS) training rates vary globally, and there are generally few surveys evaluating students' knowledge and understanding of BLS in Middle Eastern nations, particularly Jordan, Syria, and Iraq. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess medical students' knowledge of basic life support. Method: This is observational descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Napta University, faculty of medicine Khartoum, Sudan. In undergraduate students at different levels at November 2022 , using standardized questionaire. The sample size was 494 and 500 sample was collected. The knowledge score was calculated. Results: This study included 500 participants all of them were students Only 5% of them have done a training course and 95% haven’t done a training course .17.8% of the participated students had good knowledge about BLS while 82.2% of them had poor knowledge regarding knowledge of effective resuscitation 8.2% of them had good knowledge ,knowledge about complication of CPR 29.4 %had good knowledge.53% had good knowledge about signs of shock and 16.6% had good knowledge about BLS in children and infants .26% of the students had positive attitude about asphyxia while 74% of them had negative attitude There is a strong association between knowledge, academic specialization, training and academic level (P value .000) Conclusion: The results indicate that students’ knowledge toward BLS is not significant and require more training. So there is urgent need to include BLS courses in undergraduate curriculum particularly in preclinical stage.
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    ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE OF TEACHERS TOWARD FIRST AID, OMDURMAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS, February – December 2021
    (Napata College, 2021) Nehal mahjoob elhaj elqasim; Heba abbas abdalwahab; Abrar omer saeed morgan
    Background: The knowledge, understanding and good performing of first aids can be vital to save someone's life in a case of accidents and emergencies specially children at age of primary school because they're exposed to illnesses and danger; therefore it's important for teachers at school to know how to deal with it and how to perform first aids. Objective: the aim of this study is to assess primary school teacher's knowledge, attitude regarding first aid. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional observational descriptive study design was applied among primary school teachers at primary schools in Omdurman, eight randomly primary schools was chosen, the study was carried out in primary school teachers with exclusion criteria. A self-administered questionnaire was designed, data was analysed manually and by excel, charts from Microsoft have been used, chi squire test is used to estimate the correlation between the variables. Results: Of the 100 primary school teachers participants, 40% their age ranged between (41 and 50) years, 43% attended a course on first-aid, 73% of teachers said that first aid equipment’s are available at school, 49% of the teachers said that there a first aid responders at their school 66% of teachers have a personal experiences with incidents at school (50% ) had good knowledge, (35% ) had fair knowledge and (15%) had poor knowledge. We found that 100% of teachers have positive attitude toward FA. Conclusions: Knowledge about First Aid is not satisfactory according to standards of first aid in suda among teachers of Primary schools in Omdurman. First Aid educational and training programs recommended to be introduced at school curriculum.
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    Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude & practices of Mothers of Under-Five Malnourished Children at Ahmed Gasim Hospital December 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Ahmed Ali Mohamed Mohamed Elhadedy; Shadin Ayoub Ebrahim Adam; Afnan Aman Allah Azhar Alhoq; Salih Abdulwahab Ahmed Alnagar
    Background: Malnutrition among children is still one of the most challenging and complex problem worldwide. Sudan has a rapidly growing population, water scarcity, falling food production and low resilience to climate change. The combined effects lead to food insecurity which greatly influences the children‟s nutritional status Objectives: aim of the study was to investigate the impact of mothers’ knowledge on malnutrition preventive practices amongst children in Ahmed Gasem Hospital Dec 2022 Methods: This cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted at Ahmed Gasem Hospital -Sudan during period September to December 2022 by using structured questionnaire. The e questionnaire had four sections. The first section from question 1to question 11 comprised sociodemographic information, the second part from question 12 to question 30 comprise questions related to maternal Knowledge toward their malnourished children, the third part from question 31 to question comprised questions 37 related to maternal attitudes toward their malnourished children and the fourth part from question 38 to question 41 comprised questions related to maternal perceptions toward their malnourished children Results: The present study enrolled 108 mothers of malnourished children. Their ages ranged from 16 and 43 years with the median (interquartile range (IQR)) age being 23 (21 - 30) years. Most the respondents were aged between 22 and 30 years 59 (54.6%), from Khartoum 70 (64.8%), and unemployed 81 (75.0%). The number of children of the respondents ranged from one to nine with a with a median of one (one to two) child(ren). Respondents with one and two children were constituted 40 (37.0%) and 36 (33.3%) of the total respondents. Respondents held positive attitudes towards feeding their children frequently commensurate to the need for food. The study discovered that the majority (92%) of the respondents heard and understood malnutrition. Furthermore, the study found that the majority (88.4%) of the respondents knew that eating balanced diet food prevents malnutrition. The mothers knowledge was found to be 69 (63.9%) has good Knowledge, 25(23.1 %) has Fair Knowledge and 14(13%) has Poor Knowledge .The mothers Attitude was found to be 63 (58%) has positive attitude and 45(42 %) has Negative attitude. The mothers practices was found to be 55 (51%) has good practices and 53(49 %) has bad practices
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    Assessment patient’s satisfaction of palliative care service in adult cancer in Khartoum state 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Abdullah Malik Abdul Majid; Mohammed Mustafa Babekir; Mohammed Omer Sir Al-khatim; Hadeel Edriss Ahmed; Yousif Moawia Ahmed
    Background and Aims: Patient satisfaction is an important quality indicator of health care service. The concept ofhome-based palliative care has been recently introduced in many countries, but the patients' satisfaction with this care remained unexplored. This study aimed to assess the satisfaction of the cancer patients receiving this care. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 51 surviving cancer patients above 18 years of age registered under the home-based care service of the Department of Palliative Medicine, at Radiation and isotope centre of Khartoum (RICK) - Sudan. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire based on the FAMCARE P16 questionnaire from November to December 2022. Descriptive analysis was done for the sociodemographic and satisfaction-related indicators. Result: The majority of the patients (88.2%) were satisfied with the service provided by the home care team. Most (76.5%) of the patients were women, and the mean age was 56.25 ± 14.8 years. The median duration of getting home-based care was 4 months. Main satisfaction indicators were—assessment of physical symptoms (70.6%), providing information about pain management (70.6%), the inclusion of the family in decision making (76.5%), coordination of care between the members of the home care team (84.3%) and availability of doctors, nurses and palliative care assistants (74.5%). Conclusion: Despite the limitations, the overall satisfaction level of the patients regarding homebased palliative care services in Sudan is very high
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    Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Patients attending Alfaisal Eye Center
    (Napata College, 2021) Anwar Alhuda Bashir
    Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) can result in many complications such as nephropathy, cardiovascular, neurologic and ocular complications,1 with diabetic retinopathy (DR) being the most common microvascular ocular complication of DM. So to avoid worsening of DR we should be sure about awareness of patients of DR among diabetes . Objectives: The general objective of this study is to occurs due to poor control of DM and lack ofknowledge of the complications of DM.among many approaches, strong awareness of retinopathy by diabetic patients could help in the early detection, management and prevention of this complication. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study will conducted by the questionnaire for collecting data in the survey research. Results: about 34% of patients controling diabetes by taking medication , and about 4% they don’t know . 51% they say we do a blood test to find out if person diabetic or not and about 49% of patients say we do urine test .about 52% of patients say they should take treatment of diabetes till the sugar levels get under control , and about 48% they say we should take it for life long .60% of patients say the eyes is the most affected by diabetes and about 4% they don’t know .about 32% of patients say the problem of diabets in eyes is catract , and about 4% they don’t know .46% of patients say that they find out diabetes can cause retinopathy informed by physician at local hospital . and about 4% got informed from media.books. 62% of patients say that diabetes can cause retinopathy at the time of diagnosis , and about 38 % say any other . about 69.4% of patients say that yes diabetic retinopathy can cause blindness , and about 14.3% say no. about 61.2% of patients say that factors can cause woresning of DR is poor control of diabetes . and about 8.2% they do not know .about 32% of patients say the treatment opthion available for DR is surgery . and about 4% say they do not know . about 60% of patient say the person with DR yes can have a normal vision and about 8 % they do not know .about 66% of patients say yes the patient with diabetes should have a periodic dilated eye check up to look for DR. and about 12% say they do not know.about 54% of patients say the patient with diabetes but not having DR yes he should have a dilated eye check up every 6 months and about 38% say once a year .about 86% of patients say yes they taking medicines for diabetes as advised by the physician and about 14 % of patients say no they didn’t .about 64% of patients say yes their diabetes under control and about 12 % they don’t know . Conclusion: enough awaering of DR patients could really help in early stage since they getting diagnosed by DR and spaically when they diagnosed by diabetes then kept following up with physition , medicine spacialist and ophthalmologist .
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    Awareness of Mothers about Diarrhea Causes, Risk Factors, Management towards their under-five children in Ahmed Gasim Hospital 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Aida Abdo Ibrahim Alhaj; Rania Ahmed Almustafa Elamin; Fayhaa Gasas A l-Khalifa Abdul Baqi; Tagwa Awad Adam; Reem Bilal Ebad Abo
    Background: Diarrheal disease rank among the top of three causes of child hood illnesses in the developing countries. About one-third of total hospitalization children are due to diarrheal disease and 17% death related to this condition. WHO estimate that diarrhea accounted for 13.1% of deaths among child under five in Sudan in 2009 reported. Mothers are a very important group that can able to save their children's lives, therefore this s study will concern with mother's management of diarrheal diseases. The objective of this study was to study mother’s knowledge regarding diarrheal disease and management in child under five years in Ahmed Gasim Hospital 2022.. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using the quantitative approach. A total of 120 mothers were selected randomly. Data was analyzed with SPSS. Categorical variables are presented as proportions and their associations determined by chi-square test with (P<0.05) as significant level and logistic regression. Results: Most of the mothers in current study their age was 26-35 years (46%), as well as most of them were housewives (88%). Regarding educational level most of the mothers their educational level was secondary (35%) moderate socioeconomic status was reported among most of mother. More than half of the mothers have poor knowledge about cause and Associated symptoms of diarrhea, identify the causes. Regarding Treatment and management of diarrhea most of mothers have poor knowledge regarding Treatment and management of diarrhea that is mean they did not know hazard of diarrhea. The current study show majority of the mothers have poor knowledge about preparation of ORS and stop ORS administration When Stop of diarrhea, Conclusion: Most of the mothers have a poor knowledge regarding Diarrhea (definition, causes, complication, prevention).Also most of the mothers had knowledge regarding management at home and how to prevent their children from recurrent diarrhea.
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    Causes of refusing of covid-19 vaccination among medical care providers in Omdurman teaching hospital 2022.
    (Napata College, 2022) AHMED MOHAMED AHMED ALFAKI; OTHMAN MOBARAK AISSA MUSTAFA; OHOOD NASRADDIN ALNOOR ALI; TOMADER ALI MOHAMMED
    Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic and a current public health priority affecting the general population globally. Vaccination against COVID-19 has been available in Sudan since 2021. Despite the existence of the COVID-19 vaccine and the increasing vaccination rates among, there are reports of refusal to get vaccinated in a different segment of the population, including medical care providers. Data on the acceptance of vaccination and its influencing factors are necessary. Little is known about why medical care providers refuse the COVID-19 vaccination. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons leading to rejecting vaccination, among medical care providing in Omdurman teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a group of medical care providers at Omdurman teaching hospital. Data were collected from 307 participants through direct interview (100 participants were collected through an online Google submission form). Data were entered into SPSS program for analysis. Results: Approximately 46.57 % of the medical care providers in the study had refused COVID-19 vaccination. Among age groups, 37.7% were less than 31years old, from 31-40 years old were 5.5% and 3.2% more than 40 years old. Refusal among doctors was 19.86%, , 20.5% of nurses were refused, 3.58%, refusal among laboratory technicians, among Anasethia technicians 0.65% were refused to get vaccine, 1.95% pharmacists refused. Three main categories of reasons for refusing a COVID-19 vaccination were identified: it’s a new vaccine and there is no enough data, they don’t believe in vaccine, and it has many complications. Conclusions: Approximately near half of the medical care providers in Omdurman teaching hospital participated in this study were indicated to refuse COVID-19 vaccination. The development of effective vaccine will be an important landmark for vaccine hesitancy and refusal among medical care providers.
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    Constituent of Renal Calculi in Sudanese Patients study in Ibnsina teaching hospital Khartoum Sudan 2021
    (Napata College, 2021) Elsiddig Abd Elrhman Ahmed; Nadir Elsamani Hamed; Mosab Ahmed Shraf Aldain; Tawasul Abd Elhameed Hassan
    Background: These may be found in any part of the urinary tract and always composed of substance normally excreted in urine, together with certain amount of protein material, including blood proteins. Objective: to assay Constituent of Renal Calculi in Sudanese Patients study in Ibnsina teaching hospital Khartoum Sudan 2021 Method: This prospective study was done during the period December to 2021. It determine the chemical composition of the urinary stones, which was removed surgically from urinary system of fourteen patients, males and females, of ages between 5-65 years, Attended Ibn Sina hospital (Khartoum state). Blood samples also collected from those patients before surgical operation for determination of serum calcium levels. This study aim to analyze the urinary stones, for calcium, oxalate, phosphate, carbonate, uric acid, magnesium and cystine. Results: Generally the result showed that 88% of the stone were found to contain calcium, 55% oxalate, 80% uric acid, 33% phosphate, 10% carbonate, and cystine cholesterol and magnesium and not deselected as constituent of stone in this study. Serum calcium and urinate were found to be normal in all patients in this study (means, ± SD: 9.6 ± 0.4 and 5.8 ± 0.5 mg/dL respectively. Conclusion: Most of the stone serum moved from kidneys were found to be small in size (less than1 cm diameter) those were found to be (less than 1cm -2cm), while most of the urinary stone and uric acid in association with normal level of serum calcium and uric acid in association with normal level of serum calcium and urate, Urinary stone are more common in male compare to female. Most of the urinary stone were found in the young age group (20-40) .
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    Evaluation of knowledge attitude, practice, barriers to ward research: The perspectives of undergraduate medical students at Napata College, 2022.
    (Napata College, 2022) Zohal alamin; Asma mohammed; Abd elazim abd elrahim; Amar bashir; Faozi ghazi
    Background and aims. Undergraduate involvement in research necessitates a better understanding of their attitude, knowledge, barriers to ward research. The objective of this study was to assess medical undergraduates' knowledge, attitudes, and research barriers. Methods. A cross sectional study included medical students from the college of Napata Sudan, where a self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate the students' knowledge, attitudes and perceived barriers. Filled questionnaires were received from the medical undergraduates of level four and five of medical school. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results. A total of completed questionnaires were received from 163 undergraduate medical students. The overall result of knowledge among them was positively good (54%). The attitude of participant they exhibited that the majority of students (55.2 %) they advise to Importance of studying compulsory research methodology course Among the 163 students who actually participated in a research project (20%), Conduction of research (0.7%) Publishing a scientific paper (0.3%) Research presentation in conference (0.1%) Majority of students taught that the main barriers in conducting research were have Lack of interest (65%) Correspondingly, most of them Lack of sufficient research training (57%). Conclusion. Even though the students had the positive attitudes toward scientific research, a supportive and positive environment is needed to improve skills and knowledge of research and to overcome the barriers toward the conduct of scientific research.
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    Factors affecting choice of specialty amongst Sudanese house officers and General Practitioners in 3 Sudanese hospitals in 2019
    (Napata College, 2020) Hassan I. Osman; Aya Abdelrahman; Mohammed Bahaaeldin Abdulghaffar; Abu Bakr Mohammed Osman; Mohammed Algum Elamin
    Background: All around the world, there has been an outcry by health officials discussing the shortages/possible shortages in certain specialties of medicine. In this research, we have identified the specialties suffering from this risk in Sudan as well as the cause(s) behind such a manifestation. Objectives: General: To determine the factors influencing specialty choice amongst Sudanese GPs and House Officers in 3 Sudanese hospitals. Specific: To determine the most attractive career paths for recently graduated medical personnel. To determine the factors influencing said career choice. To determine which medical specialties are likely to suffer from shortages in the upcoming future. Methods: A total coverage sample of 250 participants was obtained using a questionnaire designed to help achieve our objectives. The data was run through SPSS v.21. Results: 71.43% (178) of our respondents were female. 71.43% (178) were between 24-26 years of age. 67% (167) of our respondents were single. 57% (142) of our respondents were House Officers. The most sought after specialty was Obstetrics/Gynecology with 24% (60) of our respondents choosing it as their desired specialty of practice, followed by Internal Medicine at 16% (40). Helping patients was chosen as the primary motivation behind the choice of 24% (60) of our participants, followed by fewer work hours at 12% (30). Conclusion: Most recent graduates are single females aged 24-26 years who plan on perusing Obstetrics and Gynecology as their specialty of choice. They have made this choice because they believe it is the best manner in which they could be of aid to their patients.
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    Fmaily Planning Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among married women in Bahri district ,Khartoum state 2022.
    (Napata College, 2022) Mai Hassan Alamin Hassan; Meaad Alaauldin Yassin Mohammed; Fatima Ahmed Alturaify Ahmed; Alaa Bannaga yagoub Musa
    Evaluation of the various factors that influence the use of family planning services is important to improve services and policies. This study aimed to asses Knowledge ,Attitude and use of family planning methods among married women in Khartoum North (Bahri). A cross sectional study was conducted in a simple randomized sampling of married women between November 1st 2022, and December 5th 2022. Four hundred married women aged 20-49 were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 30-39 years, 55% were university educated and 52% were housewives. More than half of them (59%) had 1-3 living children. All of the respondent's (100%) were aware of at least one contraceptive method. The most common source of information on contraception was doctors (46%), followed by Healthcare center staff (43%) and finally by social media , friends and family. More than two thirds of participants ( 74%) reported use of at least one contraceptive method, and about (26%) have not used any family planning method. Pills were the most commonly used method ( 52.7%) followed by natural method ( 20.3%), Implants (18.9%), condoms(9.5%)and ligation (8.1%).Among these more than half (66%) reported adverse side effects ranging from irregular menustrautions (59.2%) to inflammations (38.8%) , to unwanted pregnancies (10.2%) and even ectopic pregnancies (8.2%) and uterine perforations (6.1%). Among the women not using family planning methods (26%), the causes behind not using them were commonly the adverse health effects(46.2%),husband refusal (42.3%),no desire to regulate pregnancy (38.5%), no enough information (34.6%) and religious causes (26.9%). The majority of these women (76.9%) had no desire for future use and (23.1%) had intention to use family planning methods in the future. This study reveals that with increase level of education, awareness also increased. Most of the respondents have the considerable knowledge and favourable attitude towards contraceptive methods and the wide knowledge practice gap has shown a decrease in this study, which was contradictory to findings of studies done in other developing countries. Improved female education strategies and better access to services are needed to solve these problems. The use of communication media suitable for audience and adequate message is important in conducting effective family planning awareness activities. Efforts should be made to educate the public about the safety and convenience of modern, long term, reversible methods of contraception among both healthcare professionals and the public.
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    Impact of Obesity on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes among Sudanese Pregnant Women Omdurman Military Hospital Khartoum State 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Mahmoud Tarek Ali Elsayed; Mona Tarek Ali Elsayed
    Background: The rising prevalence of obesity has a significant impact on obstetrics practice regarding maternal and perinatal complications includes recurrent miscarriage, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and prolonged labor. Objective: To assess the impact of obesity on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among Sudanese pregnant women. Methods: The study was conducted at Omdurman maternal hospital-Khartoum Sudan. Design: A cross-sectional hospital based study. The data were collected by a review of the chart records of the labor and delivery department. Results: The mean age of participants was 27 years old; two-thirds were in obesity class I. There was a significant association between obesity and pre-existing thyroid disease and induced hypertension class III. Conclusion: This study concludes obesity affects the outcomes of Sudanese pregnant associations between obesity and preeclampsia, and perineal tears variables, and other variables reflect no associations. Recommendations: Further studies are needed to generalize the results. This study endorses the pregnant women start the antenatal follow-up from 1st trimester
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    IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG NAPATA COLLAGE MEDICAL STUDENTS 2022-2023
    (Napata College, 2022) Anas Mohamed Ali Mousa Tahir; Alaa AbdAlwhab Salih Mohamed; Melaz Sofian Alemam Mohamed Saad
    Background: This study is about the impact of socio-economic status on academic achievement among Napata college students. The objectives of the study were to determine the factors influenced the student’s academic performance and the relationship between the socio-economic status and academic performance. Methodology: To achieve this, a sample of 80 answers was given using samples of medical students –Napata college , and questionnaires were given to the students to complete the information. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the program (SPSS). The data was analyzed to establish the relationship between students' socio-economic status and exclusive academic performance of Napata college students. Descriptive analysis, t-test and p-value comparison were used to clarify the relationships. Result: The study sample consisted of 80 medical students from Napata College, and the results revealed that 52.5% of the participants were males, and 47.5% were females, and 58.8% of them were in the age group between 21-23 years. Moreover, the socio-economic status of the student’s family will affect the academic performance of the students as parent education plays a major role in effect of academic performance of students. Where parents who are more educated have more influence on their children to do well in their studies.
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    Impact of Stigma of Mental Illness on Seeking Mental Care in Medical Students of Napata College at Khartoum State 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Ahmed Khalid Abdelkarim Mahmoud; Badawi Hassan Badawi Alfakey; Mohamed Mutasim Osman Ali
    Background: Stigma is defined as a sign of disgrace or discredit, which sets a person apart from others. The fear of being stigmatized by others often leads people to avoid professional help. This stigma can also be internalized, further reducing the likelihood of seeking help. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the impact of stigma of mental illness on seeking mental care. Materials and Method: This is an observational cross-sectional community base study conducted in Napata College in Khartoum state. A total of 150 students were investigated and all information was gathered via a questionnaire that was coded and analyzed by SPSS. Results: the result show a significant correlation between stigma and delay seeking help, 56% of the students expressed symptoms of mental illness, 48% feel that stigma affected their academic level, 84% of the students were never seen by a psychiatrist, 70.6% of the students think that they never seen a psychiatrist because of the lack of support from the surroundings, 53% of the students hasn’t shared their symptoms with someone close to them, 63% of the students didn’t share with their surroundings their desire to see a psychiatrist, 42% of the students think that stigma affects the request to consult a psychiatrist. Conclusion: There was a high incidence of mental illness among students and there was a significant correlation between stigma and delay seeking help.
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    INCIDENCE & COMPLICATIONS OF DELVERY IN WOMEN UNDER 20 YEARS IN ELSAUDI TEACHING HOSPITAL 2021
    (Napata College, 2021) ROMISAA ELHADI NOURELDAIUM; OLA AWAD MAGZOUB; RANIA ESMAIL MOHAMED
    Background: Maternal age is a determining factor for pregnancy outcomes. The impact of maternal age on obstetric and neonatal outcomes was evaluated by several studies from many settings, especially among early teenagers.. Objective: To estimate the incidence and complication of delivery women under 20 years. Methods: This was a cross sectional hospital based study,. The sample size was 120 women aged less than 20 years. The data was collected using a questionnaire filled with women after taking informed consent. Results: During the study period the total number of deliveries in the study area was 12387, of them 120 were aged less than 20 years, accordingly the incidence of delivery women under 20 years in Al-Saudi Maternity Hospital 2021 was found 9.7%. Participants aged 16 – 19 years were 105(87.5%) and who aged 13 – 14 years were 15(12.5%). The mode of delivery under 20 years, results showed that the mode of delivery was vaginal 77(64.2%), emergency cesarean section 23(19.1%) and elective cesarean section 20(16.7%). The type of vaginal delivery (n=77) was spontaneous 62(80.5%), induced 13(16.9%) and instrumental 2(2.6%). Majority of the participants 88(73.3%) had no complications. Maternal complications were postpartum hemorrhage 21(17.5%), perineal tear 9(7.5%) and uterine complications 2(1.7%). The majority of fetus 105(87.5%) were alive, 13(10.9%) had congenital anomalies, 1(0.8%) macerated stillbirth and fresh stillbirth 1(0.8%). Conclusion: The study revealed that delivery of women under 20 years was 9.7% , 80% of deliveries were preterm , 19.1% were under went emergency c/s >and associated with maternal complications PPH in 17.5 % and 10.9 % with congenital anomalies So we recommend Child health program at Federal Ministry of Health( adolescent health Reproductive health program at Federal Ministry of Health should be activated.
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    Insomnia and it is Impact on the Academic Performance of Medical Students of Napata College in 2022
    (Napata College, 2022) Zainab Siddig Mohammed; Anfal Abdallah Ibrahim; Asma Ahmed Yosif; Reem Abdallrahman
    Background: Insomnia is the most recognized sleep disturbance and the most common sleep complaint. Objective: To evaluate insomnia and its impact on the academic performance of medical students of Napata college. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the college of medicine, Napata college in the period between October to December 2022. Results: The mean age of the students was 23.42±4.39 and the majority were fifth year medical students (27.3%), 30.7% of students were mature, and 38.7% of students had a job. Regarding the medical condition, 24.7% of students had a chronic disease and 18% had a psychiatric disorder. Only 12% of students were a smoker and 3.3% consume alcohol, 52% consume 1-2 cups of coffee per day. Half of the students (49.3%) study 2-4h per day as average and 66% had a 4-6h average sleep duration. The majority of students (56%) suffer from sleepiness during the day 40.7% of them suffer from that sometimes, the most common reason was studying late at night (50%). Half of students (50%) reports that sometimes feel difficulty concentration and paying attention during the day, 56% had excessive sleepiness in class, 39.3% tend to reduce their sleeping hour in order to study and 35.3% mainly during the exams period. Regarding Academic performance, the mean GPA of students were 2.82±0.40 and 30.7% of students report that their GPA decreased while 42% reported that there was increase compared with the semester before. Considering the insomnia severity, 60% had subthreshold insomnia, 5.3% had moderate severe insomnia and 2.7% had severe insomnia. There a statistically significate relationship between GPA and insomnia. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of insomnia symptoms among the medical students and affects their academic performance.
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    Knowledge and Attitude of Health Care Workers for the “5 Moments Hand Hygiene” of Infection Control (Omdurman Teaching Hospital and Mohammed Elamin Hamid for Pediatric)
    (Napata College, 2021) Alaa Mohammed Elfadil; Esraa Salah Ahmed Ali; Lina Ahmed Mohammed
    This study was carried in two teaching hospitals at Omdurman, Khartoum State. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Five Moments of Hand Hygiene among Medical staffs in two teaching hospitals, Omdurman, Khartoum State, Sudan. Data was collected via questionnaires, interviews and personal observation of the health care workers performing hand hygiene. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. The majority of the health workers at the two institutions agreed to most of the questions. More than 95% agreed that hand hygiene compliance can be improved by displaying posters and reminders at point of care. While 90% agreed that compliance with HH can be improved by administrative orders and continuous observation. 98% of the health worker said should be enrolled in training sessions regarding IC and HH practices.