Batch 5
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- ItemThe Impact of Sudan’s Armed Conflict in the Academic Performance of Napta Medical Students During April 2025(Napata College, 2025)Background: Sudan’s armed conflict, which escalated in April 2023, has severely disrupted higher education, particularly medical training which depends on stable infrastructure and clinical exposure. Students at private institutions like Napta College have faced academic, psychological, and financial challenges due to displacement, insecurity, and limited institutional support. Aim: To assess the impact of Sudan’s armed conflict on the academic performance of medical students at Napta College during April 2025. Methodology: Adescriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured, self-administered online questionnaire. The survey targeted all medical students at Napta College. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, including descriptive statistics and Fisher’s Exact Test for categorical comparisons. Results: Out of 800 enrolled students, 71 participated. A total of 62.7% of displaced students and 66.7% of non-displaced students were able to continue their education; the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.795). However, 74.6% of students reported moderate to severe impacts on lectures and clinical training. Psychological distress was common, with 71.8% not seeking psychological support. Furthermore, 80.3% had limited access to learning materials, and 46.5% reported moderate to severe financial difficulties. Despite this, 77.5% of students adopted coping strategies. Conclusion: While displacement alone did not significantly affect educational continuation, the broader impacts of conflict—including academic disruption, limited resources, financial hardship, and psychological stress—negatively affected students’ academic performance. Targeted institutional, psychological, and financial support is urgently needed to sustain medical education during crises. Keywords: Armed conflict, academic performance, medical education, displacement, psychological impact, Sudan
- ItemThe Impact of Armed Conflict on Antenatal Care Provision in Dongola: A Study of the 2025 Crisis(Napata College, 2025)Background: Armed conflict disrupts healthcare systems, often limiting access to essential services like antenatal care (ANC). This study examines how the 2025 conflict in Dongola affected ANC delivery, highlighting challenges faced by both pregnant women. Objectives: This study aims to examine how the 2025 armed conflict affected the provision of antenatal care in Dongola, Sudan, and to explore the key obstacles faced by pregnant women during this period of instability. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, utilising a structured questionnaire administered to 107 pregnant women residing in Dongola. Data were processed and analysed via SPSS version 29, incorporating frequency distributions, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to explore correlations between conflict induced barriers and the quality of antenatal services received. Results: While 82.2% of respondents reported receiving some form of antenatal care, more than half encountered substantial difficulties, including limited transportation, staffing shortages, and financial hardship. Chi-square analysis indicated a statistically significant association between maternal age and the nature of these challenges. The logistic regression model accurately predicted ANC attendance in 84.1% of cases. Conclusion: The 2025 conflict significantly disrupted antenatal care in Dongola. While pregnant women received essential healthcare, access to non-essential services declined due to limited resources. Many faced challenges such as poor transportation, insecurity, and financial hardship, leading a significant number of women to miss regular follow-up visits. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to ensure consistent maternal care during crises
- ItemPostTraumaticStressDisorderA ment mongSudaneseRefugeesInS audiArabiaAfterSudanwar2023 _2025(Napata College, 2025)Background: Refugees face multifaceted challenges resulting from pre-migration trauma and ongoing post-migration stressors. This study examines PTSD symptoms, trauma exposure, displacement experiences, adaptation challenges, daily stressors, and coping mechanisms among Sudanese refugees in Saudi Arabia, following the Sudan War (2023–2025). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 213 Sudanese refugees residing in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that included demographic details, standardized PTSD symptom checklists (assessing intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, hyper alertness, and emotional numbness), and items evaluating exposure to violence, loss, displacement, adaptation challenges, daily stressors, and coping strategies. Responses were quantified using appropriate Likert scales, and results were tabulated to capture frequency and percentages. Results: The study sample was predominantly young (48.8% aged 18–25 years) with a majority of female respondents (60.1%). A high proportion of participants reported direct exposure to violence (53.5%) and displacement (90.1%), with 68.5% experiencing significant loss. PTSD symptom frequency varied: intrusive memories were reported as “always” by 24.9% of respondents, while avoidance behaviors, hyper alertness, and emotional numbness were also commonly experienced. Daily stressors related to language barriers, discrimination, and economic insecurity were prevalent. Coping strategies were mainly based on family support and religious/spiritual practices, which were perceived as highly effective. Social support was primarily moderate to strong, whereas cultural influences played a significant role in managing traumatic stress. Conclusion: The findings reveal that Sudanese refugees in Saudi Arabia endure high levels of trauma-related distress compounded by post-migration stressors. Social, cultural, and familial supports are integral to mitigating PTSD symptoms. These results highlight the need for targeted mental health interventions and comprehensive support policies tailored to this vulnerable group. 4 5 Keywords:PTSD, refugees,Sudanese,SaudiArabia, traumaexposure,displacement, copingmechanisms,mentalhealth,post-migrationstressors,cultural influences
- ItemPerception of Mental Health Stigma Among Young Adults Aged 18–25 in Khartoum, Sudan (2025)(Napata College, 2025)Background This study explores how young adults in Sudan perceive mental health and its associated stigma, shaped by conflict, displacement, and cultural norms. Focusing on both displaced and non-displaced individuals in Khartoum, it highlights the urgent need for context-sensitive strategies to reduce stigma and improve mental well-being. Objective To explore and understand the perceptions of mental health stigma among young adults aged 18 to 25 in Khartoum in 2025, with the aim of identifying key cultural, social, and contextual factors influencing stigma and informing effective, locally relevant mental health strategies. Materials and methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2025 and covered 216 young adults aged 18–25, randomly recruited from Khartoum, Sudan. Data were collected using online, closed-ended standardized questionnaires. The questionnaire was coordinated and supervised by the Research Team Members to maintain consistency and data quality throughout the process. Results Atotal of 216 young adults participated in the study. The majority were aged between 21 and 25 years, with females comprising 61% of the sample. Most participants (93%) had been displaced due to conflict, and 94% had received a university or college education. About 65% were students, while 14% were unemployed. Regarding awareness of mental health stigma, 66% had heard of the term, while 14.4% reported not knowing what it meant, and 18.5% provided unrelated responses. Furthermore, 79% believed that mental health conditions are treated differently than physical health conditions in their communities. Over 80% perceived stigma in Khartoum to be strong or very strong, and most described the general public’s attitude toward mental illness as negative. Cultural beliefs (69%) and religion (57%) were reported as key influences shaping perceptions of mental health. Additionally, 82% of participants associated mental illness with supernatural causes. Education level was noted to have a significant impact on perception, and 55% had been exposed to mental health discussions during school or university. IV When asked about the impact of stigma, 87% believed it reduced young adults’ willingness to seek help. Among those who felt they needed support, 48.1% had avoided seeking care due to fear of judgment. Discrimination in social and professional settings was acknowledged by 69% of respondents. In terms of lived experience, 15.2% reported experiencing trauma. Among them, 48.4% said it came from peers (e.g., friends or classmates), 33.3% from family members, and 18.8% from workplaces.
- ItemKnowledge, attitude and practice of medical students in Sudan about Artificial Intelligence in Radiological Image Analysis in 2024–2025(Napata College, 2025)Background: Now days, Artificial Intelligence is one of the increasingly integrated areas in the field of image analysis, pathology and ophthalmology, offering enhanced diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Despite the advantage of AI, the readiness of future healthcare professionals to use and accept those changes, and the fear of human labor been replaced with AI, remains unclear especially in area of low resource like Sudan. Objective: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of medical students in Sudan regarding the use of AI in radiological image analysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the medical students at Sudanese universities, Data was collected using a structured questionnaire forum shared with the willing students to participate, to assess their KAP exposure to AI in radiology. Results: the surveyed 311 participants, with 206 (66.45%) are female and 105 (33.55%) are male. Ranged in the age of above 21 to the age of 44, in the 4th, 5th and graduate years, showed a significant variety and association between Gender and Familiarity with AI and as well as between Education and Familiarity, AI was perceived as non beneficial in about 70.21% of the participant answering “No” and only 29.79% answered “YES”, 44.4% were concerned about cost implementation while 25% about privacy, as only 26.9% reported that it help in early detection and 25% in reducing overload from radiologist. Conclusion: Even though Participant recognize the AI as a valuable tool in Radiology but still the uncertainty in the area of cost of implementing (44.4%) and data privacy (25%) was a big concern letting about 70% to say NO to the beneficial aspect of AI, with The Likert scale questions showed a neutral to slightly positive response about the utility safety and integration of AI in medical image analysis, however internal consistency was very low about Cronbach’s alpha=0.26, indicating a divergent view across individual items. Key Words: Artificial Intelligence, Radiology, Medical Students, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Sudan.