Factors Leading to increased morbidity among Detainees in Conflict Zones in Sudan (2024–2026)

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dc.contributor.authorHala Kamal Fadlallah Hamad
dc.contributor.authorZainab Al-Rashid Ahmed Dafallah
dc.contributor.authorIsraa Hamam Saleh Al-Badri
dc.contributor.authorAmr Moaz Al-Siddiq Al-Bashir
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-27T11:03:14Z
dc.date.available2026-09-27T11:03:14Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.descriptionNapata College
dc.description.abstractBSTRACT Background: The armed conflict in Sudan (2024-2026) has led to a critical humanitarian crisis, characterized by a sharp rise in morbidity rates within non-typical detention sites. This study examines the medical and environmental factors contributing to these health crises within centers that included civilian facilities and official prisons forcibly converted into detention camps for prisoners and detainees following field control over them. These environments lack the minimum health and humanitarian standards, where they can be described as inhuman, turning them into unknown hotspots lacking oversight, basic medical protocols, and international legal protection. Objectives: This research aims to determine the prevalence of infectious diseases as primary causes of morbidity and to identify the role of acute malnutrition in causing systemic organ failure. It also seeks to identify the medical complications of physical trauma, assess the impact of deprivation of essential medicines for chronic diseases, and determine the effect of logistical barriers and delayed medical evacuation on morbidity rates. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical design was followed using a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 110 participants, including former prisoners, field medical personnel, eyewitnesses, and relatives of detainees. Data were analyzed to infer pathophysiological pathways based on reported clinical symptoms. 3 3 7 Results: The results revealed a "synergistic lethality" system; where malnutrition and metabolic collapse were the leading cause of morbidity at (52.7%), followed by the interruption of care and essential medicines for chronic diseases at (40.9%). Environmental factors contributed to 34.5% of cases, while traumatic rhabdomyolysis and violence-induced renal failure were associated with 31.8%. A statistically significant correlation was also found between the deprivation of medical evacuation for prisoners during the "Golden Hour" and the occurrence of severe health complications. Conclusion: This study concludes, based on documented data and field testimonies, that the mass morbidity among detainees in Sudan (2024–2026) is not merely "collateral complications" of the war, but rather a direct result of a forced detention environment designed to undermine life. The deadly intersection between deliberate starvation (which led to 52.7% of morbidity cases), the withholding of necessary chronic disease medications (40.9%), and the prevention of medical evacuation has transformed detention centers into environments lacking the minimum human standards. The research confirms that the loss of the "Golden Hour" due to logistical intransigence represents an indirect tool for health deterioration, making survival within these detention camps an exception rather than the rule, and constitutes a grave violation of medical protocols, the Third Geneva Convention, and International Humanitarian Law.
dc.identifier.urihttp://dspace.napata.edu.sd/handle/123456789/439
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNapata College
dc.titleFactors Leading to increased morbidity among Detainees in Conflict Zones in Sudan (2024–2026)
dc.typeThesis
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