Issue 2

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Browsing Issue 2 by Author "Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali"

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    Floristic Composition and Species Diversity in Sunt Forest Reserve, Khartoum State, Central Sudan
    (Napata College, 2024-08) Mozdelfa Adam Babiker Ali; Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali
    The study investigates the weed species composition and diversity in the Sunt Forest Reserve, Khartoum State, Central Sudan. The floristic composition comprises 21 species from 18 genera and 11 families. The Leguminosae family is the most abundant, with five weed species, followed by Poaceae with four and Asteraceae with two. Tragus berteronianus (Poaceae) is the most significant species based on the Importance Value Index (IVI), with an IVI of 89.53%. Polygala erioptera (Polygalaceae) is the second most significant, with an IVI of 85.71%, followed by Rorippa indica (Brassicaceae) and Cyperus squarrosus (Cyperaceae) with IVIs of 80.44% and 72.32%, respectively. The Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index for the area was 4.206, while the Simpson's Index of Diversity (1 – D) was 0.05682. These values indicate a relatively high species diversity compared to other subtropical forests worldwide. Keywords: Floristic composition, Species diversity, Weed species, Sunt Forest Reserve, Khartoum State, Central Sudan.
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    The chemical composition of compounds in Lepidium sativum seeds, sourced from two different origins and extracted using two non-polar solvents, and analyzed using GC/MS
    (Napata College, 2024-08) Gamalat Ahmed Osman; Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali
    The objective of this research was to explore the compounds present in the n-hexane and petroleum ether extracts of Lepidium sativum seeds obtained from two different sources (Sudan and Saudi Arabia) using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS) technique. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the samples was carried out using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The major constituents identified in the n-hexane extract of the Sudan sample were cisvaccenic acid (17.03%), 9-octadecenamide, (Z)- (13.03%), gamma-sitosterol (10.14%), betatocopherol (7.845%), o-cymene (4.30%), and 9-octadecenoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester (4.091%). The major phytochemical constituents identified in the petroleum ether extract of the Sudan sample were gamma-sitosterol (14.09%), beta-tocopherol (12.10%), 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (11.82%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z), methyl ester (8.40%), and tributyl acetyl citrate (8.26%). The major phytochemical constituents identified in the n-hexane extract of the Saudi sample were gamma-sitosterol (13.38%), beta-tocopherol (10.92%), 4-fluorobenzaldehyde (6.26%), octadecanoic acid (6.21%), butylphosonic acid, di(4-octyl) ester (6.17%), and campesterol (6.00%). The major phytochemical constituents identified in the petroleum ether extract of the Saudi sample were gammaterpinene (26.86%), o-cymene (25.52%), thymol (12.76%), beta-tocopherol (6.88%), beta-pinene (6.01%), and gamma-sitosterol (5.73%).